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江西普通高校专升本英语
2.具体用法
(1)独立主格结构的构成形式
①逻辑主语+doing (主动关系)/to do
这种构成形式内部的逻辑主语是分词的动作执行者,逻辑主语与分词之间是主动关系。
如:
Weather permitting (=If weather permits), they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.
如果天气允许的话,他们明天将进行一次海滨郊游。
The girl staring at him (= As the girl stared at him), he didn’t know what to say.
女孩盯着他看,他不知道说什么好。
【模拟演练1】 _______Sunday, the library doesn’t open.
A. Being B. There being C. It being D. Having been
【答案】C
【解析】句意:今天是星期天,图书馆不开门。考查独立主格。本题中没有连词,它不是复合
句,也不是并列句,句中使用了逗号,且the小写,可知其不是两个简单句it与be的关系是主动关
系,构成逻辑主语+v-ing的独立主格形式,故选C。
②逻辑主语+done (被动关系)
该构成形式内部的逻辑主语是分词的动作承受者。
如:
The problems solved (= As the problems were solved), the quality has been improved.
随着问题的解决,质量已经提高了。
Her glasses broken (= Because her glasses were broken), she couldn’t see the words on the blackboard.
由于眼镜摔坏了,她看不见黑板上的字。
【模拟演练1】 _________, the train started.
A. The signal given B. Giving the signal C. The signal being given D. The signal giving
【答案】A
【解析】句意:在信号被给出之后,火车就会发动。考查独立主格。所以应该是逻辑主语signal
+v-ed(表被动)。故选A。
③with的独立主格结构(主要注意with+宾语+宾补的结构)
■with+宾语+doing (表示主动或者进行)
The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog following them.
这老两口常常在晚饭后到公园里散步,他们的宠物狗则在后面跟着。
■with+宾语+done (表示被动或者完成)
John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work finished,he gladly accepted it.
约翰收到一份宴请函而且他的工作也干完了,他就欣然接受了邀请。
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