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江西普通高校专升本英语



               【例3】在中国,五分之三的女孩在节食,这件事使他们的父母担心。
                       并列句:            Three fifths of the girls in China are on a diet and the fact worries their
                                     parents and teachers.
                       复合句:            The fact that three fifths of the girls in China are on a diet worries their
                                     parents and teachers.

               【例4】张老师告诉我们要如何学好英语,他的话给了我们很多帮助。
                       并列句:          Mr. Zhang told us how to learn English and his words gave us much help.
                       复合句:          What Mr. Zhang said on how to learn English gave us much help.

               【例5】在意识到学习很重要之后,他开始为之奋斗 。
                       复合句:          After he realized the importance of study, he began to fight for it.
                       非谓语:          Having realized the importance of study, he began to fight for it.


               3.语法的误用

               我们在翻译过程中,很容易出现语法的误用。因此,我们需要注意一些常见的问题,比如时态、
               语态、名词单复数、主谓一致等。
               【例1】70%的中学生都是近视。
                       [误] 70 percent student are near-sighted.

                       分析:学生是可数名词,这里表达的也是复数概念。故需要使用复数形式students。
               【例2】自从新中国成立以来,城市的构架改变了很多。
                       [误] Since the RPC is founded, the structure of cities changed a lot.

                       分析:since意为“自从”时,是现在完成时态的时间标志词。其中,since引导的从句谓
                       语使用过去时,主句谓语使用现在完成时。
                       故正确的句子为:Since the RPC was founded, the structure of cities has changed a lot.
               【例3】在某些疫情 (epidemic situation) 严重的城市,人们不允许出门。
                       [误] In some cities where the epidemic situation is serious, people not allow to go out.

                       分析:“人们不允许出门”,实际上是“不被允许”,故使用被动语态。被动语态的基
                       本机构be done。结合本句的内容,应该使用are not allowed。
               【例4】他和他的父母都不喜欢旅行。
                       [误] Neither he nor his parents likes travelling.

                       分析:neither...nor...连接两个主语时,谓语动词取决于离它最近的那个主语。
                       在本题中,离的最近的那个主语是his parents,故谓语动词用like。
               【例5】尽管我们生活在和平年代,但是还是有战争爆发。
                       [误] Although we live in a peaceful age, but wars still break out.

                       分析:在英文表达中,同一个句子里“虽然”和“但是”不能同时出现。故这个句子只
                       需保留although和but的其中一个就可以。同理,because和so的用法也一样。










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